日眾院選舉 選前安倍自民黨領先 三大黨衝刺

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【大紀元2017年10月22日訊】日本將於10月22日(週日)舉行眾議院議員選舉,首相安倍晉三一直面臨希望之黨的挑戰,選前安倍的自民黨支持率超前,而希望之黨被立憲民主黨追上。不過選前民調多次變動,結果難以預料。昨天(21日)是三大黨的最後衝刺。過去10天,首相安倍晉三、東京都知事小池百合子幾乎跑了半個日本拜票。

10 月22日(週日)日本眾議院選舉正式開始,選民已經到各地選票點投票。不少選民響應政府呼籲,已提早投票。

Japanese voters register at a polling station to vote in Japan's general election in Tokyo on October 22, 2017. Polls opened in Japan for a snap election, with Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's conservatives expected to cruise to a comfortable majority after a campaign dominated by North Korea and the economy. / AFP PHOTO / Kazuhiro NOGI (Photo credit should read KAZUHIRO NOGI/AFP/Getty Images)
10 月22 日(週日)日本眾議院選舉開始,選民已經到各地選票點投票。(KAZUHIRO NOGI/AFP/Getty Images)

今年第21號颱風蘭恩直撲日本,預測影響日本主要地區的時間,正好碰到22日眾議院大選投票。有分析指颱風或令投票率下跌,有利自民黨再度勝出。

昨天(21日)是各主要政黨選前最後一天造勢及拜票,關東地區下起大雨,氣溫在攝氏16度左右。

中央社報導,最後一天的演說,自民黨主席安倍晉三主打執政5年來的「安倍經濟學」及因應北韓飛彈威脅等政績;希望之黨的小池百合子則呼應黨名高喊「創造一個真正有希望的社會」。立憲民主黨的枝野幸男仍訴求要將社會改變成由下而上的草根社會,並將炮火對準安倍晉三。

Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (C) delivers a speech during an election campaign in Tokyo on October 20, 2017. Campaigning began on October 10 for the October 22 lower house election. / AFP PHOTO / Kazuhiro NOGI (Photo credit should read KAZUHIRO NOGI/AFP/Getty Images)
圖為安倍晉三在20日演說。(KAZUHIRO NOGI/AFP/Getty Images)
In this picture taken on October 18, 2017, Tokyo Governor and leader of the Party of Hope Yuriko Koike (C) raises the hand of party candidate Yoshinori Yoshida (R) during an election campaign in Saitama. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe appears poised to secure a fresh term at the helm of the world's third-biggest economy Sunday, as he seeks a mandate for his nationalist agenda and hardline stance on North Korea. / AFP PHOTO / Behrouz MEHRI (Photo credit should read BEHROUZ MEHRI/AFP/Getty Images)
小池百合子(中)則呼應黨名高喊「創造一個真正有希望的社會」。(BEHROUZ MEHRI/AFP/Getty Images)

這次選舉還聚焦18歲的首投族,為了催出年輕族群的票,選前至目前民意調查為止,執政自民黨仍取得壓倒的支持率,而小池百合子領導的希望之黨支持度卻下降,被民進黨分裂出來新成立的立憲民主黨追上。立憲民主黨很有機會跟希望之黨爭最大在野黨地位。

日本輿論認為希望之黨的「失速」與在野黨沒有結成統一陣線,為執政自民黨奠下良好勝利基礎。此前預料自民黨輕易取得過半數,甚至保住眾議院2/3議席。但最終形勢調查顯示,自民黨可能失去很多席位。

今日(22日),東京都知事小池百合子組建的希望之黨能否挑戰自民黨的地位,以及首相安倍晉三可否再度連任成為選舉的主要看點。

安倍9月28日解散眾議院。日本《憲法》明定,眾議院從被解散日起40天內必須完成選舉,因此到10月22日投開票也只有3週多一點的時間;選舉時間短且距離長。

《日本經濟新聞》統計,截至昨天為止,八個主要政黨的領袖從選舉公告後,來回日本各地站台拜票的距離合計約7萬7,000公里。

其中,自民黨主席安倍晉三移動距離約1萬2,726公里,共走訪全國47個都道府縣中的22個;希望之黨主席小池百合子移動距離約8,565公里,跟安倍晉三一樣造訪22個都道府縣;立憲民主黨主席枝野幸男移動距離以1萬3,470公里居冠,走訪17個都道府縣,三人都展現十足行動力。

Supporters of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party display a banner reading "Prime Minister Abe, please protect Japan" while waiting for Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to arrive for his last stumping tour for the October 22 general election in Tokyo on October 21, 2017. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on October 21 vowed to step up pressure on North Korea to protect the Japanese people as he wrapped up an election campaign dominated by threats from Pyongyang. / AFP PHOTO / Toshifumi KITAMURA (Photo credit should read TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images)
安倍的支持者。(TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images)
Supporters of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party display posters while waiting for Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to arrive for his last stumping tour for the October 22 general election in Tokyo on October 21, 2017. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on October 21 vowed to step up pressure on North Korea to protect the Japanese people as he wrapped up an election campaign dominated by threats from Pyongyang. / AFP PHOTO / Toshifumi KITAMURA (Photo credit should read TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images)
安倍的支持者。(TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images)
In this picture taken on October 18, 2017, a woman shows an electoral leaflet of Tokyo Governor and leader of the Party of Hope Yuriko Koike during an election campaign in Saitama. Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike is a media-savvy veteran who has charmed her way through Japan's male-dominated politics and transformed its sleepy political landscape with a wildcard new party that caught everyone off-guard. Koike stunned the establishment by unveiling her new conservative "Party of Hope", seeking to offer an alternative to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's long-ruling Liberal Democratic Party. / AFP PHOTO / Behrouz MEHRI / TO GO WITH ELECTION PROFILE "JAPAN-VOTE-KOIKE" BY HIROSHI HIYAMA (Photo credit should read BEHROUZ MEHRI/AFP/Getty Images)
希望之黨主席小池百合子的支持者。 (BEHROUZ MEHRI/AFP/Getty Images)

根據日本政府統計,眾議員選舉的投票率從2009年開始就一路往下掉,而在日本修法降低投票年齡後,18歲族群第二次參加國會大選,各政黨都相當重視,為了吸引年輕人票數,日本各地餐廳紛紛推出投票折扣。

日本國會採兩院制,分別為眾議院(下議院)及參議院(上議院)。眾議院權力較參議院大,在締結條約與預算通過上享有最後決定權。此外,任何眾議院通過的法案若遭到參議院否決,只要出席眾議員2/3以上多數再度表決通過,就能成為法律。

此次眾議院須選出席次465席。眾議員一屆任期4年,但首相有權解散眾議院提前舉行大選。參議院共有242席,每屆任期6年。首相無權解散參議院。#

責任編輯:華子明

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